Neuregulin-1 in Patient With Different Forms of Cardiovascular Diseases: a Pilot Study

NRG-1 is a paracrine growth factor with physiological actions in the cardiovascular system which is primarily expressed by the endothelium of coronary microvessels. NRG-1 is a natural paracrine agonist of the ErbB4 receptor. The NRG-1/ErbB4 system is activated in chronic heart failure (HF) and some other chronic diseases, exerting disease mitigation and regenerative effects. Recombinant NRG-1 (rhNRG-1) is developed as a drug for HFrEF. Both the preclinical and clinical data (phase II and III clinical trials) have demonstrated the favourable effects of NRG-1 treatment on the heart. rhNRG-1 effectively enhances the heart function and reverses the remodelling of the left ventricle. The levels of circulating NRG-1 were found to correlate with outcomes in Stage III and IV CHF. NRG1 appeared to be potentially protective Therefore, NRG-1 concentrations are considered to be a biomarker of the therapeutic potential of NRG-1. However, little is known about the role of the NRG-1 pathway in other cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). This observational study is intended to identify CVDs which are characterized by an increase in NRG-1 levels for better positioning the NRG-1 treatment in heterogeneous field of CVDs. Based on preclinical data, investigators assume that plasma NRG-1 will be altered in patients with microvascular angina, pulmonary hypertension, and HFpEF and HFrEF. The study intends to enroll twenty patients for each of the 4 study groups and 20 healthy controls. We will compare the NRG-1 protein levels in patients and of age-matched healthy subjects. Participants will undergo a blood sampling after randomization (+ 3 days) and a 12 month follow up to assess the outcomes. Demographics, clinical characteristics, laboratory values including biomarkers of inflammation and fibrosis, NTproBNP, along with transthoracic echo findings and outcomes will be recorded. After the active phase of the research is done, we are planning to proceed to observation of the prospective group of patients to verify the endpoints.