Thoracic Epidural Analgesia vs Surgical Site Infiltration With Liposomal Bupivacaine Following Open Gynecologic Surgery

Exclusion Criteria

• •Individuals who have a contraindication to thoracic epidural analgesia
• •Individuals with a coagulation disorder
• •Individuals with an infection at the site of epidural placement
• •Individuals with intracranial pathology such as non-communicating increased intracranial pressure or obstruction of cerebrospinal fluid flow related to mass lesions
• •Individuals with spinal pathology: abnormal spine anatomy, surgical fusion, or spinal column lesions
• •Individuals who have a contraindication to liposomal bupivacaine
• •Individuals with a known allergic reaction to liposomal bupivacaine
• •Individuals with Childs-Pugh Class B or C liver disease
• •Individuals who have a history of long-term opioid use for chronic pain, defined as use of opioid pain medications for ≥4 weeks prior to surgery.