prosthetic knee replacement or nonarthroscopic surgery to the affected knee

history of brain surgery, brain tumor, seizure, stroke or intracranial metal implantation

systemic rheumatic disorders, including rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and fibromyalgia

alcohol/substance abuse

current use of sodium channel blockers, calcium channel blockers and NMDS receptor antagonists

diminished cognitive function that would interfere with understanding study procedures(i.e., Mini-Mental Status Exam score ≤ 23)

pregnancy or lactation

hospitalization within the preceding year for psychiatric illness

no access to a device with internet access that can be used for secure videoconferencing for real-time remote supervision

Self-Administered Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation for Pain in Older Adults With Knee Osteoarthritis