Renal Venous Flow and Cardiac Surgery-associated Acute Kidney Injury

Exclusion Criteria

• •1. Patients requiring mechanical ventilation
• •2. Patients with mechanical circulatory assist devices or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
• •3. Patients with stage 3 AKI with renal replacement therapy (RRT) or life- threatening volume overload treated with RRT
• •4. Stage ≥4 chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage
• •5. CKD requiring extracorporeal or peritoneal ultrafiltration for diuretic-resistant volume overload, 6) 6) Prediagnosed glomerulonephritis
• •6. Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, postrenal obstruction, or solid organ transplantation
• •7. Anticipated life expectancy of \<12 months
• •8. Likelihood of receiving advanced therapy (mechanical circulatory assist device/cardiac transplant)
• •9. Pregnancy or possibility of pregnancy in the next 3 months
• •10. Rhabdomyolysis