PET Imaging of the Dopaminergic and Serotonergic Systems in Treated HIV Positive Subjects

Inclusion Criteria

• •Subject groups:
• •Dopaminergic arm:
• •* Group A: HIV-positive subjects with or without co-morbidities
• •* Group B: HIV-negative subjects with co-morbidities
• •* Group C: HIV-negative subjects without co-morbidities
• •Serotonergic arm:
• •* Group D: HIV-positive subjects with or without co-morbidities
• •* Group E: HIV-negative subjects with or without co-morbidities
• •All Subjects (Groups A-E):
• •1. Men and women, 18-70 years of age
• •2. Ability to sign informed consent by the subject
• •3. Subjects may be enrolled in or have been discharged from IRB approved NIH protocols OR subjects may be referred from outside providers/institutions.
• •4. Has the ability to be seen by an outside medical doctor who provides care.
• •All HIV-positive Subjects with or without co- morbidities (Groups A \[dopaminergic arm, n=25)\] and Group D \[serotonergic arm, n=20\])
• •1. Known and documented HIV-1 infection
• •2. Plasma HIV-RNA BLD (\<100 copies/mm3) for greater than one year since the last available documented viral load measurement..
• •3. At least one year of continuous ART prior to last documented suppressed viral load measurement and no history of ART modification or interruption since then.
• •HIV-negative Subjects WITH Co-morbidities (Group B, n=25)
• •1. HIV-antibody negative
• •2. At least one or more of the following criteria:
• •1. Hypertension, as defined by treatment with medications for hypertension or with a systolic blood pressure at screening greater than or equal to 140mm Hg.
• •2. Diabetes mellitus, as defined by HgbA1C greater than or equal to 6.5% or known treatment for diabetes.
• •3. Hepatitis C infection as documented by lab results of a positive Hepatitis C antibody and/or detectable Hepatitis C viral load. Subjects who responded to HCV treatment (SVR) will be included.
• •4. History of previous but not current drug abuse.
• •5. History of previous but not current alcoholism (defined as alcohol intake that affect/affected the subject s work or home life).
• •6. Clinical atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) (e.g. history of acute coronary syndromes, or myocardial infarction, stable or unstable angina, coronary or other arterial revascularization or peripheral arterial disease of atherosclerotic origin) and/or 10-year heart disease risk score (ASCVD risk score) \>7.5% (7.5 % score is the threshold for starting statin therapy as per the 2013 American College of Cardiology \[ACC\] / American Heart Association \[AHA\] guidelines).
• •HIV-negative Subjects WITHOUT co-morbidities (Group C, n=25)
• •1. HIV-antibody negative
• •2. No history of any of the following:
• •1. Hypertension, as defined by treatment with medications for hypertension or with a systolic blood pressure at screening greater than or equal to 140mm Hg.
• •2. Diabetes mellitus, as defined HgbA1C greater than or equal to 6.5% or treatment for diabetes.
• •3. Hepatitis C infection as documented by lab results of positive Hepatitis C antibody and/or detectable Hepatitis C viral load. Subjects who responded to HCV treatment (SVR) will not be included.
• •4. History of previous drug abuse.
• •5. History of previous alcoholism. Alcoholism is based on alcohol having affected the subject s work or home life.
• •6. Clinical ASCVD (e.g. history of acute coronary syndromes, or myocardial infarction, stable or unstable angina, coronary or other arterial revascularization or peripheral arterial disease of atherosclerotic origin) and/or 10-year heart disease risk score (ASCVD risk score) \>7.5% (7.5 % score is the threshold for starting statin therapy as per the 2013 ACC/AHA guidelines 35).
• •7. Any other disease entities including chronic infections (e.g. Hepatitis B, Lyme disease), neurological diseases (e.g. Multiple sclerosis, vasculitis) or systemic diseases (e.g. Sjogren s diseases, sarcoidosis, systemic lupus erythematosus \[SLE\]) that in the opinion of the investigator would be considered a significant co-morbidity.
• •HIV-negative Subjects with or without co- morbidities (Group E, n=20)
• •1\. HIV-antibody negative