Immediate Release Versus Slow Release Carvedilol in Heart Failure

Exclusion Criteria

• •1. Systolic blood pressure at sitting position \< 90mmHg or resting heart rate \< 50 /min at screening
• •2. Patient has a contraindication to β-blockers
• •3. Patient who are expected to take another β-blocker after randomization
• •4. Cardiovascular diseases
• •* Ischemic heart disease (unstable angina, myocardial infarction) within 1 month
• •* Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
• •* Cor pulmonale
• •* Hemodynamically significant stenosis of aorta, aortic valve, or mitral valve
• •* any acute myocardial infarction with complication
• •5. Severe cerebrovascular accident (for example, ischemic stroke or cerebral hemorrhage) pre-analytical within 6 months
• •6. Glottis edema, allergic rhinitis, respiratory diseases with bronchospasm such as asthma and chronic obstructive lung disease
• •7. Peripheral vascular disease (for example, Raynaud syndrome, intermittent claudication)
• •8. Patients who need vasopressor due to prominent volume retention/overload
• •9. Moderate to Severe retinopathy (for example, retinal hemorrhage, visual disturbance, retinal microaneurysm within 6 months)
• •10. Impaired renal function (Serum creatinine ≥ 2.5 mg/dL) or hepatic function (AST or ALT ≥ 3 x ULM)
• •11. Patients in clinical status that can significantly influence on absorption, distribution, metabolism, and secretion of drugs for clinical trial
• •* history of major gastrointestinal surgery, such as gastrectomy or gastric bypass surgery
• •* inflammatory bowel disease within 12 months
• •* current gastric ulcer, pancreatic function abnormality including pancreatitis, gastrointestinal/rectal bleeding which demand treatment
• •* current urologic stenosis or obstruction which demand treatment
• •12. Confirmed or suspected drug/alcohol abuse within 6 months
• •13. Pregnant or lactating women, suspected pregnant women or lactating women
• •14. Chronic inflammatory diseases which demand anti-inflammatory treatment
• •15. Hypersensitivity to carvedilol
• •16. Malignant disease including lymphoma and leukemia within 5 years
• •17. Patients who were prescribed other medication for any clinical trials pre-analytical within 28 days
• •18. Patients who are predicted to have prolonged hospital days due to other medical problems other than chronic heart failure (for example, femur neck fracture)
• •19. Patients who are considered as inappropriate to participate in the clinical trial by testers