Empagliflozin in Heart Failure: Diuretic and Cardio-Renal Effects

Exclusion Criteria

• •Active titration of chronic HF medications expected during the study period
• •Use of a non-loop diuretic, aside from an aldosterone antagonist (\<=25mg spironolactone or \<=50mg eplerenone)
• •Critical stenotic valvular disease, complex congenital heart disease, or prior heart transplant
• •History of diabetic ketoacidosis, "brittle" diabetes, and/or frequent hypoglycemia or severe hypoglycemic episodes requiring emergent intervention (ER visit or EMS response, glucagon administration or forced oral carbs) in the last 6 months
• •History of bladder dysfunction, incontinence, pyelonephritis, urosepsis, or frequent urinary tract infections
• •Anemia (defined as hemoglobin \<8g/dL)
• •Pregnancy or breastfeeding
• •History of serious hypersensitivity
• •Participation in another trial with an investigational drug within the 30 days prior to informed consent
• •Use of another SGLT-2 inhibitor
• •Appears unlikely, or unable to participate in the required study procedures, as assessed by the study PI or research RN (ex: clinically-significant psychiatric, addictive, or neurological disease)
• •Inability to give written informed consent or follow study protocol