Patients:
Patients with multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders were included. clinical characteristics such as disease duration, expanded disability status scale(EDSS) score, age, associated laboratory examination(autoantibodies directed to aquaporin-4 and oligoclonal bands in serum as well as cerebrospinal fluid)were recorded.
Imaging scan were conducted at admission, six months and one year after admission
Imaging protocols:
MRI scan protocols: T2 weighted image, T1 weighted image, Diffusion weighted image(DWI), fluid-attenuated inversion recovery(FLAIR), dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging(DCE-MRI) , diffusion tension imaging(DTI) ,quantitative susceptibility mapping(QSM) , arterial spin labeling(ASL) with post labeling delay(PLD) of seconds, sagittal CUBE Fluid Attenuation Inversion Recovery (FLAIR) images, sagittal 3-dimensional Fast Spoiled Gradient Echo(3D-FSPGR).
Contrast agent:
Omniscan 0.1mmol/kg, Inject rate：2ml/s
Imaging evaluation:
Transfer constant volume value measured by DCE-MRI indicates the extent of blood-brain barrier destruction.
Magnetic susceptibility manifests iron deposition in lesions and normal appearing white matter.
Diffusion tension imaging demonstrates the extent of white matter fiber tracts destruction.
Arterial spin labeling(ASL) with post labeling delay(PLD)of seconds shows cerebral blood flow in associated regions.
