Response-based Treatment of High-risk Neuroblastoma

Although the outcome of high-risk neuroblastoma improved after the introduction of high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation (HDCT/autoSCT), the outcome still needs to be unsatisfactory. In the investigator's previous study, good responders who had greater reduction of tumor volume after induction chemotherapy showed lower relapse-free survival compared to poor responders.Simultaneously, the reduction in tumor volume also was greater in patients who died of treatment related mortality than patients who had relapsed tumors. These findings suggest that tailoring treatment intensity according to the early tumor response to induction chemotherapy may improve patient outcomes. So, in this study investigators tailored the treatment intensity of high dose chemotherapy according to the treatment response to induction chemotherapy.