Pharmacologic Strategies to Use the Levonorgestrel Implant in HIV-infected Women

Exclusion Criteria

• •1. HIV RNA \> 50 copies/mL at screening visit
• •2. Serum hemoglobin \< 10.0 g/dl
• •3. Elevations in serum levels of alanine transaminase (ALT) above 5 times the upper limit of normal
• •4. Elevations in serum creatinine above 2.5 times the upper limit of normal
• •5. Use of drugs known to be contraindicated with LNG or EFV within 30 days of study entry. Due to the dynamic nature of drug interactions related to ART, the study team will review all concomitant medications at screening based on the US Department of Health and Human Services drug interaction table.
• •6. Currently pregnant or postpartum \<30 days at study entry
• •7. Concurrent use of other hormonal contraception (Note: use of other forms of hormonal contraception is permissible until time of study enrollment/insertion of LNG implant. Transition from other forms of hormonal contraception to LNG subdermal implant will be accommodated according to LNG product labeling)
• •8. For the EFV group, participants determined to be ineligible for IUD placement by the World Health Organization (WHO) Medical Eligibility Criteria for Contraceptive Use
• •9. If participation in the study puts the participant at unacceptable risk based on the judgment of the study staff