Effect of D-allulose in Addition to Oral Sucrose Load

Exclusion Criteria

• •Pregnancy or lactation
• •Diagnosed with diabetes mellitus
• •Weight change ≥ 5 % within 3 months prior to admission to the study
• •Has taken any weight loss medications within 3 months prior to admission to the study
• •Immunocompromised status, including a debilitated state or malignancy
• •Active liver, renal, thyroid diseases
• •Frequent alcoholic consumption more than twice a week; with beer \> 360 mL, alcohol \> 45 mL, wine \> 150 mL for female, or beer \> 720 mL, whisky \> 90 mL, wine \> 300 mL for male each time
• •Has gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, premature satiety, diarrhea, or chronic constipation
• •Lack of ability or willingness to give informed consent
• •Taken any medications than might cause weight loss or weight gain such as corticosteroid, antidepressant, antipsychotics, oral contraceptive pills \< 8 weeks or change the dose of these medication with 8 week prior to admission
• •People with clinical diagnosis of diabetes.
• •Patients in cardiac Class II, III or IV.
• •Patients who have had renal transplants or are currently receiving renal dialysis.
• •Patients with the diagnosis of psychosis.
• •Patients with known HIV infection.
• •Patients with history of malignancy within the last one year with the exception of localized skin cancers.
• •Patients with significant clinical signs or symptoms of liver disease, acute or chronic hepatitis, or aspartate transaminase (AST or SGOT) greater than three times the upper reference range limit.
• •Patients with clinical signs or symptoms of drug or alcohol abuse.
• •Patients with a life expectancy of less than 5 years.
• •Patients with any cognitive impairment diagnosed previously
• •Patients with a serum creatinine greater 1.5 mg/dl.
• •Patients exhibiting serious non-compliance with prescribed diet or drug therapy.
• •Patients who are currently participating or have participated in a medical, surgical, or pharmaceutical investigation in which an investigational new drug was dispensed to the patient within the last 30 days months.
• •Patients with a body mass index (B.M.I.) greater than 40 kg/m2.
• •Patients with a body mass index (B.M.I.) less than 20 kg/m2.
• •Any situation which precludes the patient from following and completing the protocol.
• •Patients with known hemoglobinopathy or chronic anemia with hemoglobin \<10gm/dL.