Neostigmine Treatment of Acute Pancreatitis Combined With Intra-abdominal Hypertension

Acute pancreatitis(AP) runs a severe course in around 20% of patients and is associated with a mortality up to 30%. Intra-abdominal hypertension(IAH）is a common complication of severe acute pancreatitis(SAP). The inflammation of the pancreas starts a cascade of pancreatic and visceral edema, acute peripancreatic fluid collections, capillary leakage causing ascites, paralytic ileus, and gastric dilatation by upper gastrointestinal tract obstruction leading to an elevated intra-abdominal pressure (IAP). A sustained or repeated pathological elevation in IAP ≥12 mmHg is defined as IAH, it generally occurs often within the first week after onset of SAP. Persistent and serious IAH (IAP \>20 mmHg ) often leads to new onset organ failure or acute worsening of existing organ failure, which is defined as ACS and associated with a mortality rate of 49%. In the past practice, many patients with ACS undergo decompressive laparotomy, which obviously has a risk of complications. Therefore, numerous medical, nonmedical, and minimally invasive therapies have been introduced. Neostigmine is an anti-cholinesterase drugs, can enhance intestinal peristalsis, promote flatus defecation. World Society for Abdominal Compartment Syndrome (WSACS)guidelines,suggest that neostigmine be used for the treatment of established colonic ileus not responding to other simple measures and associated with IAH.However, no data exist on the effects of pharmacologic promotility therapy on IAP or outcomes among those with IAH/ACS. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of neostigmine on reducing IAP in AP patients with IAH.