The Use of Aging Biomarkers to Predict Adverse Outcomes After Cardiac Surgery

Exclusion Criteria

• •Patients who fulfill any of the following criteria will be excluded:
• •Emergency surgery.
• •Off-pump coronary bypass grafting.
• •Aortic aneurysm repair.
• •Congenital heart disease repair.
• •Heart transplant or LVAD patient.
• •Severe heart failure (LVEF\<25%).
• •Hemodynamic instability or requiring preoperative vasopressors or IABP.
• •Pre-existing end-stage kidney disease (eGFR\< 15 mL/min/1.73 m2) or renal transplantation.
• •Presence of major active infection (chronic or acute, e.g. sepsis, HIV, pneumonia).
• •Chronic liver disease /cirrhosis.