Comparison of Lobectomy and Segmentectomy for cT1aN0M0 Peripheral NSCLC

Objective: To compare the outcomes(including 5 year relapse free survival rate, 5 year overall survival rate, retaining pulmonary function and the rates of loco-regional and systemic recurrence ) of patients with peripheral stage IA (≤ 2 cm) non-small cell lung cancer undergoing anatomic segmentectomy vs lobectomy. And to evaluate whether the anatomic segmentectomy is an optimal type of surgery for the patients with peripheral stage IA (≤ 2cm) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Outline: This is a multicenter, prospective, randomized open phase III study of anatomic segmentectomy vs lobectomy for the patients with peripheral stage IA (≤ 2cm) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). According to completely random block design, the patients are randomized to 1 of 2 treatment arms. * Arm I: Patients undergo anatomic segmentectomy by minimal incision thoracotomy or thoracoscopy/VATS. * Arm II: Patients undergo lobectomy by minimal incision thoracotomy or thoracoscopy/VATS. Patients will be followed up every 3 months for the first year and then every 6 months for the subsequent 2 years and annually for 5 years postoperatively.