Complete Lower Dentures on 1 or 2 Implants

Exclusion Criteria

• •insufficient alveolar bone height for implant(s) (\< 10 mm)
• •history of head and neck radiation
• •systemic or neurological disease, including: American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Class 3 with recently diagnosed severe systemic disease, e.g. recent (within 6 months) myocardial infarction or stroke; risks associated with bacteraemia, e.g. immune compromise, steroids, in-dwelling catheters, stents, prosthetic heart valves, etc.; Type 1 diabetes, pituitary and adrenal insufficiency, and untreated hypothyroidism; chronic granulomatous disease, e.g. tuberculosis and sarcoidosis; bone disease, e.g. histiocytosis X, Paget's disease, fibrous dysplasia; history of congenital or acquired uncontrolled bleeding, e.g. coumadin
• •previous oral implant treatment
• •need for additional pre-prosthetic surgery
• •need for new complete dentures
• •medically/psychologically unsuitable for surgery in the opinion of the study dentists