the Pops-titration Versus the Slow-coagulation Cyclophotocoagulation in Treatment of Refractory Glaucoma

* Several protocols afford delivery of the "optimum" dose of laser energy per session necessary to achieve a long-term effective ocular hypotensive response balancing risks related to a high energy treatment and risks related to retreatment due to suboptimum dose delivery. * There are two main approaches to delivering laser energy, the pops-titration method and the fixed energy method that are the fixed-high and low-energy (the Gaasterland's slow-coagulation technique). * Of particular interest is which laser energy delivery method (slow-coagulation versus pops-titration) affords the optimal dose of photocoagulation necessary to achieve an effective long-term intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction while minimizing the risk of adverse events related to overtreatment and retreatments especially in refractory glaucomatous eyes with dark iris color.