Duration of Analgesic Effect for Ultrasound Guided Supraclavicular Blocks With the Addition of Buprenorphine to Local Anesthetic Solution

Exclusion Criteria

• •1. Patients with coagulation disorders
• •2. Clinically significant pulmonary disease
• •3. Clinically significant cardiac disease
• •4. Neurologic deficit in surgical extremity
• •5. Allergy to bupivacaine or buprenorphine
• •6. Intolerance of narcotics
• •7. Local infection over intended area of needle insertion
• •8. Hepatic failure or renal failure
• •9. Significant psychiatric disease, including drug abuse
• •10. Seizure disorder
• •11. Possible pregnancy or lactation by patient report
• •12. Use of narcotic medication greater than 2 times a week for greater than 1 week.
• •13. Patients for whom the surgeon requests a shorter-acting block