An Efficacy and Safety Trial of Intranasal Ketorolac in Emergency Department Patients for the Treatment of Acute Pain

Exclusion Criteria

• •1. Unstable patients
• •2. Multiple trauma patients
• •3. Patients with any allergies to ketorolac or any of the components in the nasal spray preparation
• •4. Patients with active peptic ulcer disease
• •5. Patients with a history of asthma, urticaria, or other allergic-type reactions after taking aspirin or other NSAIDS
• •6. Patients about to undergo major surgery
• •7. Patients with renal disease or at risk for renal failure due to volume depletion
• •8. Pregnant or nursing mothers
• •9. Patients with suspected or confirmed cerebrovascular bleeding, patients with hemorrhagic diathesis, and/or those at high-risk of bleeding
• •10. Patient with a nasal abnormality or illness that could affect the absorption of intranasal medication (such as: nasal discharge, rhinitis, acute upper respiratory infection, acute epistaxis, nasal polyp, nasal tumor)
• •11. Patient with any other contraindication to the use of Sprix, or in whom use of Sprix would not be consistent with the approved package insert
• •12. History of chronic pain
• •13. History of drug abuse
• •14. History of significant neurologic disorder (could include diseases such as diabetic neuropathy, Parkinson's disease, etc)
• •15. History of significant psychiatric disorder
• •16. History of being on medications that may affect neurotransmitters (such as certain neurologic or psychiatric medications)
• •17. No immediate post-op patients