Lead Sponsor

University of Zurich

Age

18 - 80 years

Sex

ALL

Healthy Volunteers

Yes

•Men and women aged 18-80 years
•BMI 18-35 kg/m2
•Group 1: patients taking daily RAS-active drugs, like ACE inhibitors or sartanes (treatment indication outside of this study)
•Group 2: no therapy with RAS-active drugs, like ACE inhibitors or sartanes Gastroduodenoscopy and/or colonoscopy with a treatment indication outside of this study
•Informed consent

•Status after operations of the gastrointestinal tract (except uncomplicated appendectomy or inguinal hernia repair)
•Patients with malignant diseases
•Severe acute or chronic diseases which require treatment (e.g. renal replacement therapy)
•Patients with increased bleeding risk (e.g. oral anticoagulation, coagulopathy)
•Drug or alcohol abuse
•Mental disorders which limits the ability to fulfil all study requirements