Pain After Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy With Bilateral Tranversus Abdominis Plane (TAP) Block Versus Local Anesthetic Infiltration

Exclusion Criteria

• •1. Open cholecystectomy - excluded due to increased levels of pain in open procedures
• •2. Scheduled for ambulatory surgery
• •3. Renal dysfunction (Serum Cr \> 1.2) - excluded due to potential altered metabolism of anesthetic and pain medications
• •4. Coagulopathy or anticoagulation - increased risk of bleeding from nerve block injection
• •5. Allergy or contraindication to any of the study medications or anesthetic agents
• •6. Chronic opioid analgesic use at home - excluded due to potential difficulty in assessing pain caused by the procedure alone
• •7. Patient inability to properly describe postoperative pain to investigators (language barrier, dementia, delirium, psychiatric disorder)
• •8. Pregnancy
• •9. Prisoners
• •10. Patient or surgeon refusal