Effectiveness of Buprenorphine/Naloxone in Reducing Intravenous Buprenorphine Misuse in France ("RIME")

Inclusion Criteria

• •1. Male or female opioid-dependent outpatient aged 18 years or older,
• •2. Women of childbearing potential must have a negative urine pregnancy test result at the Inclusion Visit (test under supervision of the investigator or designee),
• •3. Women of childbearing potential must use an effective birth control method. Women of non-childbearing potential must be postmenopausal or must be surgically sterile (hysterectomy and/or bilateral oophorectomy),
• •4. On buprenorphine (Subutex® or generic buprenorphine) maintenance therapy at a minimum daily dose of 2 mg for at least 3 months prior to inclusion,
• •5. Declaring buprenorphine intravenous misuse at least four times/week and showing needle marks,
• •6. Willing to stop or reduce buprenorphine intravenous misuse,
• •7. Having received oral and written information about the trial, and provided written informed consent prior to admission to this trial.