Heart Rate Variability in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients

24hr Holter examination is a non-invasive tool in detecting and diagnosing cardiac arrhythmia. Moreover, Heart rate variability has been proven to been an important prognostic factor in many cardiovascular diseases. The traditional linear analysis of heart rate variability proved to predict clinical outcome in myocardial infarction patients. The more delicate non-linear analysis in heart rate variability is one of the hot topics in the world. Despite some biochemical values like WBC counts, platelet counts, BUN, creatinine, lactate, clinical vital parameters like blood pressure, heart rate, and oxygenation have been used to predict clinical outcome in chronic renal disease(CKD) patients, the application is still limited. It is an international interest to find a more safe and simple technique to identify important prognostic factors in CKD patients. Our project aimed to recruit these CKD patients from our hospital and conduct a cross-sectional study. Cardiac ultrasonography and 24hrs Holter will be arranged. Linear and non-linear analysis of heart rate variability will be performed and serum marker that influence prognosis like WBC count, platelet count, lactate, BUN, creatinine, fibrosis marker and adiponectin will be checked. Short term and long term outcome was followed and identify important prognostic factors to improve and detect clinical prognosis.