Dietary Treatment of Crohn's Disease

Several epidemiological studies and therapeutic observations in the complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) literature suggest that diet is key to development of CD and its treatment. The investigators took advantage of these CAM recommendations and designed dietary interventions. Our preliminary open label studies in IBD patients showed that our interventions are acceptable and well-tolerated and result in improvement, reducing symptoms and/or the degree of inflammation. The investigators are now seeking to validate this finding and determine the mechanisms underlying the effects of dietary manipulation-such as potential effects on colonic bacterial microflora. In another pilot study using 16s rDNA bacterial fingerprinting, the investigators demonstrated that the intestinal microflora of patients with CD differ significantly from healthy individuals. Whether the investigators can normalize/change the microflora of CD patients with dietary therapies, however, remains to be determined. Accordingly, the investigators designed a double blind placebo controlled study to test the hypotheses that: (1) dietary manipulation with either diet or a FOS supplement is an effective CAM therapy that prevents CD relapse (leads to maintenance of remission) and (2) such dietary manipulation can normalize the microflora of CD patients and decrease mucosal oxidative damage. 90 participants are expected to undergo the trial and have a 2:1 chance of receiving active therapy. The trial is seeking to enroll participants with inactive CD who have been medically induced into remission within 9 months of enrollment. Participants must be on their Crohn's medications at a stable dose for 3 months, which does not include steroids (e.g. Prednisone, Entocort) or antibiotics at the time of enrollment. Participants will be followed till relapse occurs or up to 52 weeks. Participants are asked to fill out a variety of questionnaires, keep a food and adverse event diary, and have a research, limited, unprepped flexible sigmoidoscopy for colonic tissue collection at the beginning and end of the study period. Significance. This study could provide information to suggest diet or dietary supplement as a safe therapy for IBD and lay the groundwork for more definitive, randomized, controlled trials.