A Comparison of the Addiction Liability of Hydrocodone and Sustained Release Morphine

Exclusion Criteria

• •Inability to understand and comprehend spoken English
• •Patients with Munchausen's syndrome
• •Patient has a history of Peripheral Vascular Disease
• •Patient has a history of Raynaud's Phenomenon
• •Liver Disease; Child's classification greater than 1 (liver cirrhosis) will be excluded
• •Renal disease (BUN \>25 or Cr \>1.5)
• •Congestive Heart Failure; Subjects with New York Heart Association (NYHA)Heart Failure Symptom Classification System Level of Impairment II, III and IV will be excluded
• •Coronary artery disease; recent MI within the past six months or recent history of angina not controlled with NTG within the past six months
• •Hypertension; 1)previously normotensive subject; systolic bp \>140 mm Hg and diastolic bp \> 90 mm Hg 2) Hx of active treatment with antihypertensive medications; systolic bp \>150 mm Hg and diastolic bp \> 100 mm Hg
• •Cerebrovascular disease; recent history within the past year of a transient ischemic attack or recent history within the past year of a cerebrovascular event
• •Malignancy requiring active treatment
• •Patient is pregnant (as ascertained by a self-report and a mandatory commercial pregnancy test before any study medication is consumed)