Cardiovascular Vulnerability to Particulate Exposure

Approximately 60 subjects have participated fully in Boston and Steubenville in the repeated 40 minute measurement of continuous EKG (Holter), blood pressure, and oximetry. In Steubenville we have also measured exhaled nitrogen oxide, an index of pulmonary inflammation. The exposure monitoring has included outdoor particle mass of PM2.5, outdoor gaseous pollutants, and indoor home and personal monitoring to evaluate the indoor contribution of pollution to health effects.

Participants are 50 to 90 years of age, but almost all are 60 and older. They have been enrolled as volunteers from communities in Mission Park, Boston, and Steubenville. Inclusion criteria includes the ability to walk on level ground. Exclusion criteria includes unstable anginal, and baseline EKG patterns such as left bundle branch block that would make difficult the detection of repolarization abnormalities. Participants live at or near the study center which was located in an office or apartment in the apartment building of the majority of the participants.